Lessons Learned

 

In September 2019 an international symposium was held to discuss the two damaging Indonesian tsunamis of 2018. The meeting participants concluded these were the major lessons learned from the Anak Krakatau / Sunda Strait tsunami:

  • Community preparedness in the affected area is considered low.
  • There was not proper warning released before the first wave came.
  • Existing tsunami mitigation plans were not adequate for tsunamis generated by a flank collapse. More effort and study is needed in this area of tsunami mitigation.
  • Rapid re-growth of the Anak Krakatau volcano is a highly probable future hazard.  
  • Enhancement of tsunami early warning systems and mitigation efforts should consider and anticipate the tsunamigenic volcano. Recommendations: volcano monitoring, more study on the Krakatau complex (as a unique volcano), etc.  
  • Landslides coeval with seismic wave radiation and the volcanic eruption may generate a tsunami. Thus, monitoring the seismic activity at low frequency bands is necessary to detect the collapse of a volcanic island before tsunamis hit populated areas.

 


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UNESCO IOC
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Tsunami Awareness Poster
Available in English, Spanish, Chinese, French, Japanese, Korean, Portuguese, Singalese.
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Global & Regional Hazard Maps

Tsunami Sources, Significant Earthquakes, Significant Volcanic Eruptions, Tsunami Icosohedron Globe.

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Tsunami, The Great Waves

Available in English, Spanish, French, Chinese.

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Tsunami Glossary 2019

Available in English, Arabic, Spanish, French, Bahasa, Chinese. 

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Surviving a Tsunami - Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan
Available in English, Spanish.
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Where the First Wave Arrives in Minutes
Available in English, Bahasa, Spanish, French.
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TsunamiTeacher

DVD copies for computers available from the ITIC (itic.tsunami@noaa.gov).

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TsunamiTeacher USA
Tsunami Basics  

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Learn the basics of tsunamis. Available in English, Samoan.

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